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Custody population: U.S. states ranked (2023)

Measure: Custody population. All 50 states with data in Prison capacity and crowding by state, ranked from highest to lowest. Reference period: 2023.

Licence
Public domain (U.S. federal government work).
Data last updated
2026-11-03
Download full table CSVSource: U.S. Bureau of Justice Statistics (opens in a new tab)
Washington: 13,877Idaho: 8,791Montana: 2,004North Dakota: 1,522Minnesota: 8,256Michigan: 32,986Ohio: 40,064Pennsylvania: 37,503New York: 32,597Vermont: 1,209New Hampshire: 1,950Maine: 1,839Arizona: 34,422California: 94,188New Mexico: 3,953Texas: 127,117Louisiana: 13,336Mississippi: 10,911Alabama: 21,046Florida: 74,138Georgia: 50,104South Carolina: 15,981North Carolina: 30,989Virginia: 23,851District of Columbia: not in this tableMaryland: 16,079Delaware: 4,542New Jersey: 10,365Connecticut: 10,380Rhode Island: 2,313Massachusetts: 5,994Oregon: 11,964Utah: 4,768Wyoming: 1,585Nevada: 10,161Colorado: 14,642South Dakota: 3,697Nebraska: 5,886Kansas: 9,162Oklahoma: 18,955Iowa: 8,865Missouri: 23,865Wisconsin: 22,136Illinois: 29,438Kentucky: 10,390Arkansas: 16,450Tennessee: 12,155West Virginia: 5,186Indiana: 19,295Alaska: 4,216Hawaii: 2,998

Small states, hard to see on the map:

  • Lowest: 1,209 to 4,216
  • Group 2: 4,216 to 10,161
  • Group 3: 10,161 to 15,981
  • Group 4: 15,981 to 30,989
  • Highest: 30,989 to 127,117
The map is a visual summary; every value is in the table below, which is the keyboard and screen-reader path. Groups are quintiles of the values shown (a derived grouping). Boundaries: Natural Earth (public domain), simplified. Alaska and Hawaii are shown as insets, not to scale.

Rank is derived by Quadranac: 1 = highest value; ties share a rank. Values are as published in the source table.

1Texas127,117
2California94,188
3Florida74,138
4Georgia50,104
5Ohio40,064
6Pennsylvania37,503
7Arizona34,422
8Michigan32,986
9New York32,597
10North Carolina30,989
11Illinois29,438
12Missouri23,865
13Virginia23,851
14Wisconsin22,136
15Alabama21,046
16Indiana19,295
17Oklahoma18,955
18Arkansas16,450
19Maryland16,079
20South Carolina15,981
21Colorado14,642
22Washington13,877
23Louisiana13,336
24Tennessee12,155
25Oregon11,964
26Mississippi10,911
27Kentucky10,390
28Connecticut10,380
29New Jersey10,365
30Nevada10,161
31Kansas9,162
32Iowa8,865
33Idaho8,791
34Minnesota8,256
35Massachusetts5,994
36Nebraska5,886
37West Virginia5,186
38Utah4,768
39Delaware4,542
40Alaska4,216
41New Mexico3,953
42South Dakota3,697
43Hawaii2,998
44Rhode Island2,313
45Montana2,004
46New Hampshire1,950
47Maine1,839
48Wyoming1,585
49North Dakota1,522
50Vermont1,209

Source: U.S. Bureau of Justice Statistics, Prisoners in 2023 – Statistical Tables (NCJ 310197), table 21. Reference period: 2023.

Cite this ranking

U.S. states ranked by custody population (2023). Data: U.S. Bureau of Justice Statistics, Prisoners in 2023 – Statistical Tables (NCJ 310197), table 21; rank derived by Quadranac. Data last updated 2026-11-03. https://quadranac.com/rankings/us-states-by-custody-population/

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