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Non-citizen prisoners by state

Prisoners in the custody of publicly or privately operated state prisons (excluding jails) on December 31, 2023 who are not U.S. citizens, as a number and as a percent of the prison population, as published, with U.S.-citizen prisoners. BJS bases the percent on each state's custody or jurisdiction population, which may include people whose citizenship is unknown, so it can differ slightly from non-citizens divided by citizens plus non-citizens. Footnoted state values follow BJS's notes in the source tables (for example, some states report custody rather than jurisdiction counts, or estimate a value); values BJS marks as not available are blank.

Reference period
2023
Licence
Public domain (U.S. federal government work).
Download CSVSource: U.S. Bureau of Justice Statistics (opens in a new tab)

Non-citizen prisoners by state: Non-U.S. citizens (% of prison population)47 areas ranked by Non-U.S. citizens (% of prison population). Highest: Massachusetts (12.4); lowest: Mississippi (0.2).MassachusettsMassachusetts: 12.412.4NevadaNevada: 7.97.9New JerseyNew Jersey: 7.87.8ArizonaArizona: 7.17.1VermontVermont: 7.07.0HawaiiHawaii: 6.56.5TexasTexas: 6.46.4FloridaFlorida: 6.16.1GeorgiaGeorgia: 5.55.5AlabamaAlabama: 5.35.3MarylandMaryland: 5.35.3VirginiaVirginia: 5.25.2MinnesotaMinnesota: 4.34.3WashingtonWashington: 4.34.3New YorkNew York: 4.04.0ColoradoColorado: 3.93.9North CarolinaNorth Carolina: 3.93.9UtahUtah: 3.83.8NebraskaNebraska: 3.73.7KansasKansas: 3.63.6ConnecticutConnecticut: 3.13.1AlaskaAlaska: 2.92.9IowaIowa: 2.92.9New HampshireNew Hampshire: 2.82.8TennesseeTennessee: 2.72.7IllinoisIllinois: 2.52.5South DakotaSouth Dakota: 2.42.4IndianaIndiana: 2.32.3ArkansasArkansas: 2.12.1IdahoIdaho: 2.12.1New MexicoNew Mexico: 2.12.1South CarolinaSouth Carolina: 2.02.0WisconsinWisconsin: 2.02.0OklahomaOklahoma: 1.81.8North DakotaNorth Dakota: 1.71.7MaineMaine: 1.61.6DelawareDelaware: 1.31.3MichiganMichigan: 1.21.2WyomingWyoming: 1.21.2LouisianaLouisiana: 1.11.1OhioOhio: 1.01.0KentuckyKentucky: 0.90.9MissouriMissouri: 0.70.7MontanaMontana: 0.70.7PennsylvaniaPennsylvania: 0.50.5MississippiMississippi: 0.20.2West VirginiaWest Virginia: 0.20.2
Non-citizen prisoners by state: Non-U.S. citizens (% of prison population)47 areas ranked by Non-U.S. citizens (% of prison population). Highest: Massachusetts (12.4); lowest: Mississippi (0.2).MassachusettsMassachusetts: 12.412.4NevadaNevada: 7.97.9New JerseyNew Jersey: 7.87.8ArizonaArizona: 7.17.1VermontVermont: 7.07.0HawaiiHawaii: 6.56.5TexasTexas: 6.46.4FloridaFlorida: 6.16.1GeorgiaGeorgia: 5.55.5AlabamaAlabama: 5.35.3MarylandMaryland: 5.35.3VirginiaVirginia: 5.25.2MinnesotaMinnesota: 4.34.3WashingtonWashington: 4.34.3New YorkNew York: 4.04.0ColoradoColorado: 3.93.9North CarolinaNorth Carolina: 3.93.9UtahUtah: 3.83.8NebraskaNebraska: 3.73.7KansasKansas: 3.63.6ConnecticutConnecticut: 3.13.1AlaskaAlaska: 2.92.9IowaIowa: 2.92.9New HampshireNew Hampshire: 2.82.8TennesseeTennessee: 2.72.7IllinoisIllinois: 2.52.5South DakotaSouth Dakota: 2.42.4IndianaIndiana: 2.32.3ArkansasArkansas: 2.12.1IdahoIdaho: 2.12.1New MexicoNew Mexico: 2.12.1South CarolinaSouth Carolina: 2.02.0WisconsinWisconsin: 2.02.0OklahomaOklahoma: 1.81.8North DakotaNorth Dakota: 1.71.7MaineMaine: 1.61.6DelawareDelaware: 1.31.3MichiganMichigan: 1.21.2WyomingWyoming: 1.21.2LouisianaLouisiana: 1.11.1OhioOhio: 1.01.0KentuckyKentucky: 0.90.9MissouriMissouri: 0.70.7MontanaMontana: 0.70.7PennsylvaniaPennsylvania: 0.50.5MississippiMississippi: 0.20.2West VirginiaWest Virginia: 0.20.2
Non-U.S. citizens (% of prison population), 2023, sorted high to low. 47 areas ranked by Non-U.S. citizens (% of prison population). Highest: Massachusetts (12.4); lowest: Mississippi (0.2). Not shown (no value in the source): California, Oregon, Rhode Island. Full data in the table below.Source: U.S. Bureau of Justice Statistics.

Click a column header to sort; the national total stays pinned at the top.

Alabama5.31,10815,700
Alaska2.91284,272
Arizona7.12,44031,976
Arkansas2.134815,977
California
Colorado3.96728,185
Connecticut3.133510,583
Delaware1.3594,251
Florida6.15,22980,521
Georgia5.52,52047,923
Hawaii6.52563,173
Idaho2.11848,173
Illinois2.575020,530
Indiana2.352422,599
Iowa2.92538,511
Kansas3.63308,793
Kentucky0.917918,992
Louisiana1.132227,719
Maine1.6301,761
Maryland5.383611,361
Massachusetts12.47365,231
Michigan1.238432,602
Minnesota4.33427,732
Mississippi0.22310,888
Missouri0.717723,710
Montana0.7344,951
Nebraska3.72185,713
Nevada7.98059,306
New Hampshire2.8591,830
New Jersey7.891610,699
New Mexico2.11145,470
New York41,29629,381
North Carolina3.91,22329,565
North Dakota1.7321,867
Ohio145444,558
Oklahoma1.840520,959
Oregon
Pennsylvania0.518733,723
Rhode Island
South Carolina231915,735
South Dakota2.4913,669
Tennessee2.750618,289
Texas6.48,090119,027
Utah3.81794,458
Vermont7941,227
Virginia5.21,24222,132
Washington4.359911,063
West Virginia0.295,177
Wisconsin243319,594
Wyoming1.2252,085

Source: U.S. Bureau of Justice Statistics, Prisoners in 2023 – Statistical Tables (NCJ 310197), table 22. Reference period: 2023.

Cite this table

Source agency
U.S. Bureau of Justice Statistics
Dataset
Prisoners in 2023 – Statistical Tables (NCJ 310197), table 22
Table
Non-citizen prisoners by state
Data last updated
2026-11-03
Page
https://quadranac.com/tables/us-noncitizen-prisoners/

Non-citizen prisoners by state (United States, 2023). Data: U.S. Bureau of Justice Statistics, Prisoners in 2023 – Statistical Tables (NCJ 310197), table 22. Retrieved 2026-11-03 via Quadranac, https://quadranac.com/tables/us-noncitizen-prisoners/